/* =====================================================================
   Winzheng Family Investment Fund — Visual System v5
   "TWO-TONE INSTITUTIONAL · NAVY × BRIGHT YELLOW"
   Reference: Original static design, modernized.
   ===================================================================== */

:root {
    /* ============================================================
       COLORS — Navy + Bright Yellow + Cool Light
       ============================================================ */
    --navy:             #1A2332;
    --navy-2:           #2C3E50;
    --navy-3:           #3D5066;
    --navy-deep:        #0F1822;

    --yellow:           #F4C430;
    --yellow-bright:    #FFD544;
    --yellow-soft:      #E5B520;

    --bg:               #FFFFFF;          /* primary surface */
    --bg-2:             #F5F6FA;          /* light gray sections */
    --bg-3:             #ECEFF4;          /* card hover */
    --bg-card:          #FFFFFF;

    --text:             #2C3E50;          /* primary text on light */
    --text-strong:      #1A2332;
    --text-muted:       #7F8C8D;
    --text-faint:       #A8B0B7;
    --text-on-dark:     #FFFFFF;
    --text-on-dark-mute:rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
    --text-on-dark-faint:rgba(255,255,255,0.55);

    --border:           rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.10);
    --border-strong:    rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.20);
    --border-hairline:  rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.06);
    --border-on-dark:   rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.10);
    --border-on-dark-strong: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);

    --shadow-sm:        0 1px 3px rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.06);
    --shadow:           0 4px 16px rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.08);
    --shadow-lg:        0 16px 40px rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.12);
    --shadow-yellow:    0 8px 24px rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.25);

    --success:          #27AE60;
    --warning:          #F39C12;
    --danger:           #E74C3C;
    --info:             #3498DB;

    /* ============================================================
       TYPOGRAPHY
       ============================================================ */
    --font-sans:    -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Roboto', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'PingFang SC', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif;
    --font-mono:    'SF Mono', 'JetBrains Mono', Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

    --fs-caption:   0.75rem;
    --fs-meta:      0.8125rem;
    --fs-body:      1rem;
    --fs-body-lg:   1.125rem;
    --fs-h4:        1.25rem;
    --fs-h3:        1.625rem;
    --fs-h2:        2.625rem;
    --fs-h1:        3.5rem;
    --fs-hero:      3.5rem;

    --space-1: 4px;
    --space-2: 8px;
    --space-3: 12px;
    --space-4: 16px;
    --space-5: 20px;
    --space-6: 28px;
    --space-7: 40px;
    --space-8: 56px;
    --space-9: 72px;
    --space-10: 88px;

    --container:        1280px;
    --container-narrow: 1100px;
    --reading-width:    680px;
    --nav-height:       72px;

    --radius-sm:        4px;
    --radius:           8px;
    --radius-lg:        12px;
    --radius-card:      12px;

    --ease:             cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    --duration:         300ms;
    --duration-fast:    180ms;
}

/* ============================================================
   RESET
   ============================================================ */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; }
body {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.65;
    font-size: var(--fs-body);
    overflow-x: hidden;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    font-feature-settings: "kern", "liga", "tnum";
}
img, svg, video { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; transition: color var(--duration) var(--ease); }
a:hover { color: var(--yellow-soft); }
button { font: inherit; cursor: pointer; background: none; border: 0; color: inherit; }
ul, ol { list-style: none; }
strong { color: var(--text-strong); font-weight: 600; }

::selection { background: var(--yellow); color: var(--navy); }

::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 10px; height: 10px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: var(--bg-2); }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: var(--border-strong); border-radius: 5px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: var(--yellow); }

/* ============================================================
   TYPOGRAPHY
   ============================================================ */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    color: var(--text-strong);
    line-height: 1.15;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    font-weight: 700;
}
h1 { font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, var(--fs-h1)); font-weight: 700; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3.5vw, var(--fs-h2)); font-weight: 700; }
h3 { font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2vw, var(--fs-h3)); font-weight: 700; }
h4 { font-size: var(--fs-h4); font-weight: 600; }
p  { margin-bottom: 1em; }

.eyebrow {
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    display: inline-block;
}
.label {
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 600;
}
.text-muted   { color: var(--text-muted); }
.text-strong  { color: var(--text-strong); }
.text-yellow  { color: var(--yellow-soft); }
.text-mono    { font-family: var(--font-mono); }

.lead {
    font-size: var(--fs-body-lg);
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 400;
}

/* ============================================================
   LAYOUT
   ============================================================ */
.container {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: var(--container);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--space-6);
}
.container-narrow {
    max-width: var(--container-narrow);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--space-6);
}
.container-prose {
    max-width: var(--reading-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--space-6);
}

.section { padding: var(--space-9) 0; }
.section-light { background: var(--bg); }
.section-gray  { background: var(--bg-2); }
.section-dark {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-2) 100%);
    color: var(--text-on-dark);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.section-dark::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.05), transparent 60%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.section-dark > .container,
.section-dark > .container-narrow { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.section-dark h1, .section-dark h2, .section-dark h3, .section-dark h4 { color: var(--text-on-dark); }
.section-dark .lead { color: var(--text-on-dark-mute); }
.section-dark .eyebrow { color: var(--yellow); }

.section-header {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 760px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}
.section-header.left { text-align: left; margin-left: 0; }
.section-header h2 { margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.section-header .lead { margin-top: var(--space-4); }

.grid-2 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: var(--space-5); }
.grid-3 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: var(--space-5); }
.grid-4 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: var(--space-5); }
.grid-5 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); gap: var(--space-4); }

/* ============================================================
   NAVBAR — White bar with subtle shadow
   ============================================================ */
.navbar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
    height: var(--nav-height);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(160%);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(160%);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 0 var(--border-hairline);
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: box-shadow var(--duration) var(--ease);
}
.navbar.scrolled {
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.06);
}
.navbar-inner {
    height: 100%;
    max-width: var(--container);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--space-6);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
}
.navbar-brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-strong);
}
.navbar-brand .brand-logo {
    display: block;
    width: 38px;
    height: 38px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    transition: transform var(--duration) var(--ease);
}
.navbar-brand:hover .brand-logo {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}
.navbar-brand .brand-name {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-strong);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.005em;
    line-height: 1.2;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.navbar-nav {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-7);
}
.navbar-nav a {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text);
    position: relative;
    padding: var(--space-2) 0;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
    transition: color var(--duration) var(--ease);
}
.navbar-nav a:hover { color: var(--navy); }
.navbar-nav a.active { color: var(--navy); font-weight: 600; }
.navbar-nav a.active::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -2px; left: 0; right: 0;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--yellow);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.navbar-toggle {
    display: none;
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
    color: var(--text-strong);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.reading-progress {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0; left: 0;
    width: 0; height: 3px;
    background: var(--yellow);
    z-index: 1001;
    transition: width 60ms linear;
}

/* ============================================================
   BUTTONS
   ============================================================ */
.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 14px 28px;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    white-space: nowrap;
}
.btn-primary {
    background: var(--yellow);
    color: var(--navy);
    border-color: var(--yellow);
    font-weight: 700;
}
.btn-primary:hover {
    background: var(--yellow-soft);
    border-color: var(--yellow-soft);
    color: var(--navy);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-yellow);
}
.btn-secondary {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--text-strong);
    border-color: var(--text-strong);
}
.btn-secondary:hover {
    background: var(--text-strong);
    color: white;
}
.section-dark .btn-secondary {
    color: white;
    border-color: white;
}
.section-dark .btn-secondary:hover {
    background: white;
    color: var(--navy);
}
.btn-text {
    padding: 6px 0;
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    border: 0;
    background: none;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--yellow);
    border-radius: 0;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
}
.btn-text:hover { color: var(--navy); border-bottom-color: var(--navy); }
.section-dark .btn-text { color: var(--yellow); border-bottom-color: var(--yellow); }
.section-dark .btn-text:hover { color: white; border-bottom-color: white; }
.btn-sm { padding: 10px 18px; font-size: 0.8125rem; }
.btn-lg { padding: 18px 32px; font-size: 0.9375rem; }
.btn-block { display: flex; width: 100%; justify-content: center; }

/* ============================================================
   HERO — Dark navy gradient + bright yellow accent
   ============================================================ */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: calc(var(--nav-height) + var(--space-7)) 0 var(--space-8);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-2) 100%);
    color: white;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background-image:
        radial-gradient(ellipse 60% 40% at 80% 20%, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.08), transparent 70%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 35% at 15% 90%, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.04), transparent 70%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.hero::after {
    /* Decorative SVG wave (faint) */
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1200 800' preserveAspectRatio='none'%3E%3Cpath d='M0,400 Q300,300 600,400 T1200,400' stroke='%23ffffff' stroke-width='2' fill='none' opacity='0.05'/%3E%3Cpath d='M0,450 Q300,350 600,450 T1200,450' stroke='%23ffffff' stroke-width='2' fill='none' opacity='0.04'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    pointer-events: none;
}
.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    max-width: 920px;
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
}
.hero-eyebrow {
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    color: var(--yellow);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.22em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
    display: inline-block;
}
.hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5.5vw, 4rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.12;
    color: white;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-5);
    max-width: 920px;
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}
.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.6vw, 1.375rem);
    color: var(--yellow);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.hero-description {
    font-size: var(--fs-body-lg);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    max-width: 720px;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-8);
    line-height: 1.7;
}
.hero-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-7);
}

/* Hero stats — glass morphism */
.hero-stats {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-4);
    max-width: 1080px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
.stat-item {
    padding: var(--space-6) var(--space-4);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px) saturate(140%);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px) saturate(140%);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.10);
    text-align: center;
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
}
.stat-item:hover {
    background: rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.08);
    border-color: rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.30);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}
.stat-number {
    font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--yellow);
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.stat-label {
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

/* ============================================================
   PHILOSOPHY — dark section, 4 columns separated by hairlines
   ============================================================ */
.philosophy-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-2) 100%);
    padding: 0;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.philosophy-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.04), transparent 60%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.philosophy-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}
.philosophy-card {
    padding: var(--space-8) var(--space-6);
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    transition: background var(--duration) var(--ease);
    position: relative;
    color: white;
}
.philosophy-card:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.philosophy-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.1), transparent 70%);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity var(--duration) var(--ease);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.philosophy-card:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02); }
.philosophy-card:hover::before { opacity: 1; }

.philosophy-number {
    font-size: 2.75rem;
    font-weight: 200;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.30);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    line-height: 1;
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.philosophy-card:hover .philosophy-number {
    color: var(--yellow);
    transform: scale(1.05);
}
.philosophy-title {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.25;
}
.philosophy-subtitle {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--yellow);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.philosophy-description {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
}

/* ============================================================
   PORTFOLIO — White cards on light bg, navy banner top, shine animation
   ============================================================ */
.portfolio-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-5);
}
.portfolio-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--radius-card);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.portfolio-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.portfolio-banner {
    height: 110px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-2) 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.portfolio-banner::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -50%;
    left: -100%;
    width: 200%;
    height: 200%;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 30%, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.35) 50%, transparent 70%);
    transform: rotate(25deg);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s, transform 0.6s;
}
.portfolio-card:hover .portfolio-banner::after {
    animation: shine 0.9s var(--ease);
}
@keyframes shine {
    0%   { transform: translateX(0%) rotate(25deg); opacity: 0; }
    20%  { opacity: 1; }
    100% { transform: translateX(60%) rotate(25deg); opacity: 0; }
}

.portfolio-tag {
    position: absolute;
    top: 12px;
    right: 12px;
    background: var(--yellow);
    color: var(--navy);
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}
.portfolio-content {
    padding: var(--space-5);
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.portfolio-name {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 2px;
    line-height: 1.2;
}
.portfolio-ticker {
    font-family: var(--font-mono);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    display: block;
}
.portfolio-stage {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.portfolio-return {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1;
    margin: var(--space-3) 0;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.portfolio-desc {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    white-space: pre-line;
    flex: 1;
}

/* ============================================================
   INSIGHT CARDS (news listing)
   ============================================================ */
.insight-card {
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
    border-radius: var(--radius-card);
    padding: var(--space-6);
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.insight-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    border-color: var(--yellow);
}
.insight-card .meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    letter-spacing: 0.10em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}
.insight-card .meta .category { color: var(--yellow-soft); }
.insight-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
    color: var(--navy);
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-weight: 700;
}
.insight-card .summary {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    flex: 1;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}
.insight-card .read-more {
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE V2 — Magazine-grade reading experience
   ============================================================ */

/* v2 owns its own top padding via .article-header; cancel the legacy
   .article-page padding-top so we don't get a white sliver above the hero. */
.article-page.article-v2 {
    padding-top: 0;
}

/* Article header v2 — DARK NAVY HERO (matches site hero treatment) */
.article-v2 .article-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-2) 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: calc(var(--nav-height) + var(--space-8)) 0 var(--space-9);
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0;
    max-width: none;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}
/* Back link inside the dark hero, top-left */
.article-v2 .article-header > .article-back {
    position: absolute;
    top: calc(var(--nav-height) + var(--space-3));
    left: var(--space-6);
    z-index: 2;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.16em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}
.article-v2 .article-header > .article-back:hover {
    color: var(--yellow);
}
.article-v2 .article-header::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background-image:
        radial-gradient(ellipse 60% 40% at 80% 20%, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.08), transparent 70%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 50% 35% at 15% 90%, rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.04), transparent 70%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.article-v2 .article-header::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1200 800' preserveAspectRatio='none'%3E%3Cpath d='M0,400 Q300,300 600,400 T1200,400' stroke='%23ffffff' stroke-width='2' fill='none' opacity='0.05'/%3E%3Cpath d='M0,450 Q300,350 600,450 T1200,450' stroke='%23ffffff' stroke-width='2' fill='none' opacity='0.04'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    pointer-events: none;
}
.article-v2 .article-header > .container {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}
.article-v2 .article-header .category {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.22em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--yellow);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    display: inline-block;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 6px 14px;
    border: 1px solid var(--yellow);
    border-radius: 0;
}
.article-v2 .article-header h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 3.75rem);
    line-height: 1.12;
    color: white;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-4);
    max-width: 920px;
}
.article-v2 .article-header .article-subtitle {
    font-size: clamp(1.125rem, 1.5vw, 1.375rem);
    color: var(--yellow);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-5);
    max-width: 820px;
    line-height: 1.45;
    letter-spacing: 0.005em;
}
.article-v2 .article-header .article-lead {
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
    max-width: 720px;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-7);
    font-weight: 400;
}
.article-meta-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: var(--space-5);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    padding-top: var(--space-5);
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    max-width: 720px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
.article-meta-item {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
}
.article-meta-item i { color: var(--yellow); font-size: 0.9em; }


/* Body shell with TOC sidebar */
.article-shell {
    background: var(--bg);
    padding: var(--space-9) 0;
}
.article-shell-inner {
    max-width: 1180px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--space-6);
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-8);
    align-items: start;
}

/* Sticky TOC */
.article-toc {
    position: sticky;
    top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 24px);
    align-self: start;
    max-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-height) - 48px);
    overflow-y: auto;
}
.toc-label {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    padding-bottom: var(--space-3);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.toc-nav { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; }
.toc-nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 8px 0 8px 12px;
    border-left: 2px solid transparent;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
    transition: all var(--duration-fast) var(--ease);
}
.toc-nav a:hover {
    color: var(--navy);
    border-left-color: var(--text-muted);
}
.toc-nav a.is-h3 {
    padding-left: 24px;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
}
.toc-nav a.is-active {
    color: var(--navy);
    border-left-color: var(--yellow);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* Body — drop cap, max-width prose */
.article-v2 .article-body {
    max-width: 720px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--text);
}
.article-v2 .article-body > p:first-of-type::first-letter {
    float: left;
    font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
    font-size: 4.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 0.85;
    margin: 6px 12px 0 0;
    color: var(--navy);
}
.article-v2 .article-body > h2 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin: var(--space-8) 0 var(--space-4);
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.25;
    position: relative;
    padding-top: var(--space-4);
}
.article-v2 .article-body > h2::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 32px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--yellow);
}
.article-v2 .article-body > h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin: var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-3);
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* Byline card */
.article-byline {
    padding: var(--space-7) 0;
    background: var(--bg-2);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}
.byline-card {
    max-width: 920px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 60px 1fr auto;
    gap: var(--space-5);
    align-items: center;
}
.byline-avatar {
    width: 60px; height: 60px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--yellow) 130%);
    color: white;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.byline-name {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 2px;
}
.byline-role {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    max-width: 60ch;
}
.byline-top {
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    color: var(--navy);
    padding: 8px 16px;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
}
.byline-top:hover {
    border-color: var(--yellow);
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
}

/* Prev / Next pager */
.article-pager {
    padding: var(--space-7) 0;
    background: var(--bg);
}
.pager-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-5);
    max-width: 920px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
.pager-link {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 6px;
    padding: var(--space-5);
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.pager-link:hover {
    border-color: var(--yellow);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.pager-next { align-items: flex-end; text-align: right; }
.pager-direction {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    letter-spacing: 0.10em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
}
.pager-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

/* End-of-article CTA — already uses .section-dark */
.article-cta { padding: var(--space-9) 0; }

/* Mobile: hide TOC, single column */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .article-shell-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .article-toc { display: none; }
    .pager-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .pager-next { align-items: flex-start; text-align: left; }
    .byline-card { grid-template-columns: 50px 1fr; }
    .byline-top { display: none; }
}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE READING PAGE (legacy, kept for any non-v2 articles)
   ============================================================ */
.article-page {
    padding-top: calc(var(--nav-height) + var(--space-8));
    background: var(--bg);
    min-height: 100vh;
}
.article-header {
    max-width: 920px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--space-6) var(--space-9);
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}
.article-header .category {
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    display: inline-block;
    font-weight: 700;
}
.article-header h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 4.5vw, 3.25rem);
    line-height: 1.15;
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-5);
    max-width: 880px;
}
.article-header .article-lead {
    font-size: var(--fs-body-lg);
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    max-width: 720px;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-7);
}
.article-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-6);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    letter-spacing: 0.10em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.article-body {
    max-width: var(--reading-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: var(--space-9) var(--space-6);
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text);
}
.article-body h2 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin: var(--space-8) 0 var(--space-4);
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 700;
}
.article-body h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin: var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-3);
    color: var(--navy);
    font-weight: 700;
}
.article-body p { margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.article-body a { color: var(--yellow-soft); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-strong); font-weight: 500; }
.article-body a:hover { color: var(--navy); border-bottom-color: var(--navy); }
.article-body ul, .article-body ol { margin: 0 0 var(--space-4) var(--space-5); }
.article-body li { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); list-style: disc; padding-left: var(--space-2); }
.article-body ol li { list-style: decimal; }
.article-body blockquote,
.article-body .news-highlight,
.article-body .key-points {
    border: 0;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--yellow);
    padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
    margin: var(--space-7) 0;
    background: var(--bg-2);
    color: var(--navy);
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-weight: 500;
    border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
}
.article-body blockquote p:last-child,
.article-body .news-highlight p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.article-body img {
    margin: var(--space-7) auto;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
}

/* ============================================================
   TIMELINE
   ============================================================ */
.timeline {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
.timeline-entry {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-6);
    padding: var(--space-6) 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
    align-items: baseline;
}
.timeline-entry:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-hairline); }
.timeline-year {
    font-family: var(--font-mono);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    color: var(--yellow-soft);
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    font-weight: 700;
}
.timeline-event {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    color: var(--navy);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.3;
}
.timeline-desc {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ============================================================
   CARDS (general)
   ============================================================ */
.card {
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: var(--space-6);
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    border-radius: var(--radius-card);
}
.card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* ============================================================
   FORMS
   ============================================================ */
.form-group { margin-bottom: var(--space-5); }
.form-label {
    display: block;
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    letter-spacing: 0.10em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
    font-weight: 600;
}
.form-control {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 12px 14px;
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    color: var(--text-strong);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    transition: border-color var(--duration) var(--ease), box-shadow var(--duration) var(--ease);
}
.form-control:focus {
    outline: 0;
    border-color: var(--yellow);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(244, 196, 48, 0.15);
}
.form-control::placeholder { color: var(--text-faint); }
textarea.form-control { min-height: 160px; resize: vertical; line-height: 1.55; }
select.form-control {
    appearance: none;
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='8'%3E%3Cpath d='M1 1l5 5 5-5' stroke='%231A2332' stroke-width='1.5' fill='none'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: right 14px center;
    padding-right: 36px;
}
.form-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: var(--space-4); }
.form-error { color: var(--danger); font-size: 0.8rem; margin-top: 6px; display: block; }
.form-help  { color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.8rem; margin-top: 6px; }

.alert {
    padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
    border-left: 4px solid;
    background: white;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
}
.alert-success { border-color: var(--success); color: var(--success); }
.alert-error,
.alert-danger { border-color: var(--danger); color: var(--danger); }
.alert-warning { border-color: var(--warning); color: var(--warning); }
.alert-info { border-color: var(--info); color: var(--info); }

/* ============================================================
   FOOTER
   ============================================================ */
.footer {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-2) 100%);
    border-top: 0;
    padding: var(--space-9) 0 var(--space-5);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}
.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-7);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-7);
}
.footer-brand {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.footer-tagline {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
    line-height: 1.65;
    max-width: 320px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}
.footer h4 {
    font-size: var(--fs-caption);
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--yellow);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
    font-weight: 700;
}
.footer ul li { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.footer ul a { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72); }
.footer ul a:hover { color: var(--yellow); }
.footer-social {
    display: flex; gap: var(--space-3); margin-top: var(--space-5);
}
.footer-social a {
    width: 36px; height: 36px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.20);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
    transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
}
.footer-social a:hover {
    background: var(--yellow);
    color: var(--navy);
    border-color: var(--yellow);
}
.footer-bottom {
    padding-top: var(--space-5);
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.10);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.50);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: var(--space-3);
}
.footer-bottom a { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.50); }
.footer-bottom a:hover { color: var(--yellow); }

/* ============================================================
   UTILITIES
   ============================================================ */
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.text-right  { text-align: right; }
.flex { display: flex; }
.flex-col { flex-direction: column; }
.items-center { align-items: center; }
.items-baseline { align-items: baseline; }
.justify-center { justify-content: center; }
.justify-between { justify-content: space-between; }
.gap-3 { gap: var(--space-3); }
.gap-4 { gap: var(--space-4); }
.gap-5 { gap: var(--space-5); }
.gap-6 { gap: var(--space-6); }
.mt-3 { margin-top: var(--space-3); }
.mt-4 { margin-top: var(--space-4); }
.mt-5 { margin-top: var(--space-5); }
.mt-6 { margin-top: var(--space-6); }
.mt-7 { margin-top: var(--space-7); }
.mt-8 { margin-top: var(--space-8); }
.mb-3 { margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }
.mb-4 { margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.mb-5 { margin-bottom: var(--space-5); }
.mb-6 { margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.mb-8 { margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.hidden { display: none !important; }
.visually-hidden {
    position: absolute !important;
    width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important;
    padding: 0 !important; margin: -1px !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    clip: rect(0,0,0,0) !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
    border: 0 !important;
}

/* ============================================================
   ANIMATIONS
   ============================================================ */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
    to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; }
    to   { opacity: 1; }
}
.fade-in-up { animation: fadeInUp 0.8s var(--ease) both; }
.fade-in    { animation: fadeIn 0.6s var(--ease) both; }
.delay-1 { animation-delay: 0.10s; }
.delay-2 { animation-delay: 0.20s; }
.delay-3 { animation-delay: 0.30s; }
.delay-4 { animation-delay: 0.40s; }
.delay-5 { animation-delay: 0.50s; }

.reveal {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: opacity 0.8s var(--ease), transform 0.8s var(--ease);
}
.reveal.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* ============================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ============================================================ */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: var(--space-6); }
    .grid-3, .grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
    .portfolio-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
    .philosophy-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
    .philosophy-card:nth-child(2) { border-right: 0; }
    .philosophy-card:nth-child(1), .philosophy-card:nth-child(2) {
        border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    }
    .hero-stats { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
    .stat-item:nth-child(4), .stat-item:nth-child(5) { display: block; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    :root {
        --nav-height: 60px;
        --space-9: 64px;
        --space-10: 96px;
    }
    body { font-size: 15px; }

    .navbar-brand .brand-name {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        white-space: normal;
        line-height: 1.15;
        max-width: 200px;
    }
    .navbar-brand .brand-logo { width: 34px; height: 34px; }
    .navbar-nav {
        position: fixed;
        top: var(--nav-height);
        left: 0; right: 0;
        flex-direction: column;
        background: white;
        padding: var(--space-5);
        gap: var(--space-3);
        box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(26,35,50,0.10);
        transform: translateY(-100%);
        opacity: 0;
        pointer-events: none;
        transition: all var(--duration) var(--ease);
    }
    .navbar-nav.open { transform: translateY(0); opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; }
    .navbar-toggle { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }

    .grid-2, .grid-3, .grid-4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .portfolio-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .philosophy-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .philosophy-card { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08); }
    .philosophy-card:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
    .hero-stats { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }

    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-6); }
    .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; text-align: center; }

    .form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }

    .article-body { padding: var(--space-7) var(--space-4); font-size: 1rem; }
    .article-body h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; }

    .timeline-entry { grid-template-columns: 80px 1fr; gap: var(--space-4); }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .container, .container-narrow, .container-prose { padding: 0 var(--space-4); }
    .btn { padding: 12px 22px; font-size: 0.8125rem; }
    .hero-stats { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .hero-actions .btn { width: 100%; justify-content: center; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    }
}